There seems to be a writer AND an editor that are asleep at the switch here, if you'll pardon the pun. Twice the article says that about "twice as many" women with sleep apnea are likely to have dementia, but the percent change is from 31 to 45. This is nowhere near "twice as many".

My biological father has sleep apnea. Just being around him and hearing how he talks sometimes you can tell that his cognitive skills are beginning to fade from sleep apnea.

Basically how you can tell if someone is dementied is from their speech pattern. Especially the way that they use the words in a sentence. If they seem to switch the words up and out of order to form a nearly coherent sentence but they need to be asked again what they said where they then speak the correct sentence then the person is dementied.

Everyone is taught in school the correct way to write and speak and everyone should be able to pinpoint a delusional person right away who might be suffering from sleep apnea.